Mental health during ecological crisis: translating and validating the Hogg Eco-anxiety Scale for Argentinian and Spanish populations.

BACKGROUND: Eco-anxiety is increasingly recognized as a shared experience by many people internationally, encompassing fear of environmental catastrophe and anxiety about ecological crises. Despite its importance in the context of the changing climate, measures for this construct are still being developed in languages other than English. METHODS: To contribute to global eco-anxiety research, we translated the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS) into Spanish, creating the HEAS-SP. We validated this measure in samples from both Argentina (n = 990) and Spain (n = 548), performing measurement invariance and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency of the scale and score stability over time were investigated through reliability analyses. Differences in eco-anxiety across sociodemographic variables were explored through Student's t-tests and Pearson's r tests. RESULTS: The four-factor model of the HEAS-SP comprising affective and behavioural symptoms, rumination, and anxiety about personal impact demonstrated excellent model fit. We found good internal consistency for each subscale, and established measurement invariance between Spanish and Argentine samples, as well as across genders and participants' age. Spanish participants reported higher scores on the affective symptoms and personal impact anxiety factors compared to the Argentinian sample. Also, men reported lower levels than women on the subscales of affective symptoms, rumination, and personal impact anxiety. It was found that the relationship between both age and personal impact anxiety and age and affective symptoms varies significantly depending on the gender of the individuals. Younger participants tended to report higher scores on most dimensions of eco-anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: These findings enhance the global initiative to investigate, explore and therefore comprehend eco-anxiety by introducing the first valid and reliable Spanish-language version of this psychometric instrument for its use within Spanish and Argentinian populations. This study augments the body of evidence supporting the robust psychometric properties of the HEAS, as demonstrated in prior validations for Australian, Turkish, Portuguese, German, French, and Italian populations.

Qualitative multi-centered study: Trustworthiness of the three-level model (3-LM) Part 1.

The 3-Level Model (3-LM) is proposed as a guide or heuristic for observing and describing patient change. Used since 2011 in the context of the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA), its trustworthiness as a model still needs to be studied. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: This study aimed to assess the trustworthiness of the 3-LM by comparing the output of three groups of IPA-certified analysts (Europe, North America and South America). The comparison was made using process and outcome measures as analytical tools. This objective was divided into specific objectives presented in two articles. Each group belonged to a different geographical region of the IPA. They all worked on the same clinical case and their output was analysed using the same structured qualitative methodology. To analyse levels 1 and 3 of the model, the Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) method was used. For level 2, the Operationalised Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) was used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There was a predominance of convergence between each of the groups for each of the levels analysed, with some points of divergence. The implications of these results for the trustworthiness of the model, clinical practice, training and research in psychoanalysis are discussed.

A multicentre study: Comparison of 3-LM group output and therapeutic outcome measures. Adding to the trustworthiness of the 3-LM? Part 2.

This is the second report (part 2) of an investigation whose general objective was to provide evidence regarding the trustworthiness of the Three-Level Model (3-LM). Three groups of analysts from different IPA regions worked with this model on the same clinical case. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: 1) To analyze group output with the same structured qualitative methodology (part 1); 2) To compare the results of the 3-LM group output reported in the 3-LM forms with the process-outcome measures used in the clinical case (part 2); 3) To describe the presence-absence of anchor points in the groups, their similarities and differences (part 2); 4) To exemplify the interrelationship of the three levels of the 3-LM in relation to patient change and the analyst's interventions (part 2). SAMPLE: verbatim transcript of three 3-LM groups. MATERIALS: 3-LM forms, process and outcome measures (APS, DIS and PHI-RADIO) and Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis. RESULTS: Objective 2 found global convergence in the PHI, DIS and APS scores across sessions. Objective 3 showed convergences and divergences in the themes relating to the anchor points. Objective 4 showed how an anchor point corresponds to the focus of treatment and how this is present in the analyst's attitudes and interventions. DISCUSSION: The results offer preliminary support for the trustworthiness of the 3-LM.

Cambio climático, sostenibilidad y salud mental: revisión y estrategias para su abordaje / Climate Change, Sustainability and Mental Health: Revision and Strategies for its Approach

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cambio climático (CC) representa uno de los mayores problemas para la sociedad actual, cuyas consecuencias nocivas para la salud mental requieren del impulso de propuestas para un desarrollo sostenible. OBJETIVO: Explorar el estado del arte concerniente a las consecuencias del CC sobre la salud y salud mental, específicamente: a) describir los efectos nocivos del CC sobre la salud mental b) describir propuestas de instituciones dirigidas a su mitigación, c) identificar nuevos conceptos acuñados para describir el impacto del CC en la salud mental, d) describir el abordaje desde la psicología de las respuestas psicológicas frente al CC. METODOLOGÍA: Revisión literaria exploratoria, no sistemática. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron nuevos conceptos, tales como eco-ansiedad, acuñados para identificar la interrelación entre CC y salud mental. Se hallaron diversos aportes desde la psicología para comprender y mejorar las respuestas psicológicas frente al CC AU

INTRODUCTION: Climate change (CC) represents one of the major problems for today's society, whose harmful consequences for mental health require the development of proposals for sustainable development. OBJECTIVE: to explore the state of the art concerningthe consequences of CC on mental health specifically: a) to describe the harmful effects of CC on mental health, b) to describe proposals of institutions aimed at its mitigation, c) to identify new concepts coined to describe the impact of CC on mental health, d) to describe the approach from psychology of psychological responses to CC. METHODOLOGY: Exploratory, non-systematic literature review. RESULTS: New concepts were found, such as eco-anxiety, coined to identify the interrelation between CC and mental health. Several contributions from psychology to understand and improve psychological responses to CC were identified AU

Sentimientos de soledad y problemas internalizantes frente al distanciamiento social y confinamiento preventivo por el coronavirus COVID-19 / Feelings of Loneliness and Internalizing Problems as a Result of Preventive Social Distancing and Lockdown due to the Coronavirus COVID-19

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre sentimientos de soledad y problemas internalizantes producto del distanciamiento social y el confinamiento, para comprender el impacto psicológico en la población. Metodología: estudio de diseño mixto descriptivo-correlacional de alcance temporal transversal. Instrumentos: Perceptions of the Adult US Population regarding the Novel Coronavirus, Three-Item Loneliness Scale y el Adult Self Report. Muestra: 653 casos respondieron una encuesta online en marzo 2020. Resultados: mayores niveles de soledad y problemas internalizantes en sujetos jóvenes convivientes con sus padres y en adultos que viven solos. Hay correlaciones significativas entre sentimientos de soledad y problemas internalizantes: ansiedad-depresión (r =,636, p<.001) y quejas somáticas (r=,422, p<.001). Prevalencia de problemas internalizantes: preocupación general, inquietud por el futuro y trastornos del sueño. Discusión: los resultados del estudio identificaron dos grupos de riesgo: los jóvenes convivientes con sus padres y los adultos que viven solos(AU)

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between feelings of loneliness and internalizing problems as a result of social distancing and lockdown, in order to understand the psychological impact on the population. Methodology: mixed descriptive-correlational design study with a transversal temporal scope. Instruments: Perceptions of the Adult US Population regarding the Novel Coronavirus, Three-Item Loneliness Scale and the Adult Self Report. Sample: 653 individuals answered an online survey in March 2020. Results: higher levels of loneliness and internalizing problems in young adults living with their parents and in adults living alone. There are significant correlations between feelings of loneliness and internalizing problems: anxiety-depression (r = .636, p = .000) and somatic complaints (r = .422, p = .000). Prevalence of internalizing problems: general concern, concern about the future and sleep disorders. Discussion: the study identified two groups at risk: young people living with their parents and adults living alone(AU)

Bienestar psicológico y habilidad atlética percibida en cadetes militares / Psychological well-being and perceived athletic ability in military cadets

El desempeño físico tiene un lugar central en la carrera del militar y las autopercepciones pueden influir sobre el bienestar Se buscó analizar si existe relación entre indicadores de bienestar psicológico (afectividad positiva y negativa, bienestar y malestar psicológico) la habilidad atlética percibida. La investigación tuvo un diseño transversal, retrospectivo ex-post-facto con un solo grupo y múltiples medidas. El total de la muestra fue de 156 cadetes del Colegio Militar de la Nación Argentina, de los cuales un 77.6% (n = 121) fueron hombres. La habilidad atlética percibida presentó una relación positiva con el bienestar total y la afectividad positiva, una relación negativa con el malestar psicológico y no se halló relación con la afectividad negativa. Los resultados demuestran que el bienestar subjetivo, en cadetes militares, está relacionado con el rendimiento físico percibido, replicando lo que sostiene la literatura acerca del ámbito del deporte profesional(AU)

Physical performance has a central place in military career and its self-perceptions are related to well-being. We sought to analyze whether there is a relationship between indicators of psychological well-being (positive and negative affectivity, well-being and psychological distress) and perceived athletic ability. The research had a cross-sectional, retrospective ex-post-facto design with a single group and multiple measures. The total sample was 156 cadets from the Colegio Militar de la Nación Argentina, of which 77.6% (n = 121) were men. Perceived athletic ability presented a positive relationship with total well-being and positive affectivity, a negative relationship with psychological distress and no relationship was found with negative affectivity. The results show that subjective well-being in military cadets is related to perceived physical performance, replicating what the literature on the field of professional sports maintains. In this sense, the importance of incorporating the tools of sports psychology in the military field is raised to achieve an improvement in the physical performance of cadets(AU)

Adaptación del MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T): Un instrumento para evaluar la toma de decisiones en adolescentes / Adaptation of the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T): An instrument for evaluating decision-making in adolescents

Evaluar la capacidad de toma de decisiones en salud es un proceso complejo en adolescentes. El MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) permite estimar habilidades vinculadas a dicha capacidad. Esta herramienta fue adaptada para niños y adolescentes, pero no se dispone de versión en español. Objetivo: adaptar el MacCAT-T al español en su versión para adolescentes utilizando una situación estímulo. Muestra: los participantes fueron adolescentes entre 13 y 16 años (n=77) de edad sin diagnóstico clínico evidente. Materiales: se utilizó el MacCAT-T y el test de Raven. Resultados: el instrumento mostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas. Se obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas en los adolescentes de 15 y 16 años en comparación con los de 13 y 14 años y no se evidenciaron diferencias de género. Discusión: esta entrevista semiestructurada es útil para complementar el juicio clínico al valorar la capacidad (cognitiva) para tomar decisiones en el ámbito de la salud(AU)

Assessing decision-making capacity in health is a complex process in adolescents. The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) makes it possible to estimate skills related to this ability. This tool was adapted for children and adolescents, but a Spanish version was not available. Objective: adapt the MacCAT-T to Spanish in its version for adolescents using a stimulus situation. Sample: the participants were adolescents between 13 and 16 years (n = 77) of age with no obvious clinical diagnosis. Materials: the MacCAT-T and the Raven test were used. Results: the instrument showed adequate psychometric properties. Notably higher scores were obtained in 15- and 16-year-olds compared to 13 and 14-year-olds and no gender differences were found. Discussion: this semi-structured interview is useful to complement clinical judgment when assessing the (cognitive) decision making capacity in the health field(AU)

Una escala corta de bienestar: el Índice de Felicidad de Pemberton aplicado a población adulta de Buenos Aires / A short scale of well-being: the Pemberton Happiness Index applied to adult population or Buenos Aires

La escala Pemberton Hapinness Index (PHI) fue desarrollada por Hervás y Vázquez (2013) como un índice simple e integrador que puede usarse para monitorear los cambios en el bienestar. Se administró el PHI a una muestra de 1198 sujetos residentes en la zona metropolitana de Buenos Aires (edades: 18-60, M=27.82, DE=12.01, 43.2% hombres). En la aplicación al contexto argentino, se propone utilizar únicamente la dimensión recordada del bienestar sin considerar el ítem relativo a emocionalidad negativa. De esta forma se obtiene un alfa de Cronbach =.88 (10 ítems). Se verifican niveles altos de bienestar, sobre todo en lo referido al bienestar psicológico y los subdominios de satisfacción con la vida y afectos positivos. Sin embargo, respecto al bienestar social, los participantes reportan niveles medios. Se discuten los resultados considerando los antecedentes locales sobre la temática

The Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) scale was developed by Hervás and Vázquez (2013) as a simple and integrative index that can be used to monitor changes in wellbeing. PHI was administered to a sample of 1198 subjects living in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (ages: 18-60, M = 27.82, SD = 12.01, 43.2% men). In the application to the Argentine context, it is proposed to specifically use the remembered dimension of well-being without considering the item related to negative emotionality. In this way, a Cronbach's alpha = .88 (10 items) is obtained. We verify high levels of well-being, especially in relation to psychological well-being and subdomains of life satisfaction and positive affections. However, regarding social well-being, participants report mid-levels. Results are discussed taking into account local background